Métis Scrip Records

Further Research

The following list of published sources focuses primarily on Métis land claims in western Canada. The listing is meant to provide first-time researchers with some of the key secondary sources on Métis scrip. All of these references should be available to researchers through their local library or through the interlibrary loan system. Please do not request copies of these references from Library and Archives Canada.

Adams, H., Prison of Grass: Canada from the Aboriginal Point of View. Toronto: General Publishing, 1975.

Anick, N., The Métis of the South Saskatchewan. Ottawa: Parks Canada, Manuscript Report Series No. 364, 1976.

Cassidy, F., ed., Reaching Just Settlements: Land Claims in British Columbia. Halifax: Institute for Research on Public Policy, 1991.

Charette, G., Vanishing Spaces: Memoirs of Louis Goulet. Winnipeg: Editions Bois-Brûlés, 1976.

Chartrand, Paul L.A.H., Manitoba's Métis Settlement Scheme of 1870. Saskatoon: Aboriginal Law Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 1991.

Coates, K., Aboriginal Land Claims in Canada. Mississauga: Copp Clarke Pitman Limited, 1992.

Coates, K.S. and Morrison, W.R., "More Than a Matter of Blood: The Federal Government, the Churches and the Mixed Blood Population of the Yukon and the Mackenzie River Valley, 1890-1950." In: 1885 and After: Aboriginal Society in Transition, edited by F.L. Barron and James B. Waldram, Regina: Canadian Plains Research Centre, 1986, pp. 253-278.

Daniel, Richard C., "Northwest Métis Claims." In: A History of Aboriginal Claims Processes in Canada, 1867-1979. Ottawa: Research Branch, Department of Indians Affairs, 1980, pp. 15-26.

Daniels, Harry W., We are the New Nation: The Métis and National Aboriginal Policy. Ottawa: Aboriginal Council of Canada, 1979.

Daniels, Harry W., ed., The Forgotten People: Métis and Non-Status Indian Claims. Ottawa: Aboriginal Council of Canada, 1979.

Dickason, Olive P., "From 'One Nation' in the Northeast to 'New Nation' in the Northwest: A Look at the Emergence of the Métis." In: The New Peoples: Being and Becoming Métis in North America, edited by J. Peterson and Jennifer S.H. Brown, Winnipeg: The University of Manitoba Press, 1993, pp. 19-36. Manitoba Studies in Aboriginal History, No. 1.

Driben, P., "The Nature of Métis Claims." Canadian Journal of Aboriginal Studies, 3(1): 183-196, 1983.

Driben, P., "The Rise and Fall of Louis Riel and the Métis Nation: An Anthropological Account." In: 1885 and After: Aboriginal Society in Transition, edited by F.L. Barron and James B. Waldram, Regina: Canadian Plains Research Centre, 1986, pp. 67-78.

Edmunds, R.D., "'Unacquainted with the Laws of the Civilized World': American Attitudes towards the Métis Communities in the Old Northwest." In: The New Peoples: Being and Becoming Métis in North America, edited by J. Peterson and Jennifer S.H. Brown, Winnipeg: The University of Manitoba Press, 1993, pp. 185-194. Manitoba Studies in Aboriginal History, No. 1.

Ens, G., "Dispossession or Adaption? Migration and Persistence of the Red River Métis, 1835-1890." Canadian Historical Association, Historical Papers, 120-144, 1988.

Fillmore, W.P., "Half-Breed Scrip." Manitoba Bar News, 39: 124, 1973.

Flanagan, T., "The North-West Rebellion and Métis Land Claims." In: As Long as the Sun Shines: A Reader in Canadian Aboriginal Studies, edited by I. Getty, Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 1983.

Flanagan, T., "The Market for Métis Lands in Manitoba: An Exploratory Study." Prairie Forum, 16(1): 1-20, 1991.

Flanagan, T., Métis Lands in Manitoba. Calgary: University of Calgary Press, 1991.

Foster, John E., "The Saulteaux and the Numbered Treaties - An Aboriginal Rights Position?" In: The Spirit of the Alberta Indian Treaties, edited by R. Price, Montreal: Institute for Research on Public Policy, 1980.

Friesen, G., The Canadian Prairies: A History. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1984.

Friesen, John W. and Lusty, T., The Métis of Canada: An Annotated Bibliography. Toronto: The Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, 1980.

Fumoleau, R., As Long as This Land Shall Last: A History of Treaty 8 and Treaty 11, 1870-1939. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart Limited, 1975.

Giraud, M., Le Métis canadien: Son rôle dans l'histoire des provinces de l'Ouest. Paris: Travaux et mémoires de l'Institut d'Ethnologie, 1945. Since translated by George Woodcock and re-published by the University of Alberta Press, Edmonton, 1985.

Giraud, M., "Métis Settlement in the Northwest Territories." Saskatchewan History, 7 (Winter): 1-16, 1954.

Giraud, M., "The Western Métis After the Insurrection." Saskatchewan History, 9 (Winter): 1-15, 1956.

Hall, D.J., "The Half-Breed Claims Commission." Alberta History, 25 (Spring): 1-8, 1977.

Hardy, Richard L., "Métis Rights in the Mackenzie River District of the Northwest Territories." Canadian Aboriginal Law Reporter, (Spring): 1-33, 1980.

Harrison, Julia D., Métis: People Between Two Worlds. Vancouver: Douglas and McIntyre, 1985.

Hatt, K., "The Land Issue and the Mobilization of the Alberta Métis in the 1930s." In: The Forgotten People: Métis and Non-Status Indian Land Claims, edited by Harry W. Daniels, Ottawa: Aboriginal Council of Canada, 1979, pp. 73-87.

Hatt, K., "The North-West Scrip Commissions, 1885-1889." In: 1885 and After: Aboriginal Society in Transition, edited by F.L. Barron and James B. Waldram, Regina: Canadian Plains Research Centre, 1986, pp. 189-204.

Howard, Joseph K., Strange Empire: Louis Riel and the Métis People. Toronto: James Lewis and Samuel, 1974.

Kemp, H.D., "Land Grants under the Manitoba Act: The Half-Breed Land Grant." Manitoba Historical and Scientific Society, Papers, Series III( 9): 33-52, 1954.

Lalonde, André N., "Colonization Companies and the North-West Rebellion." In: 1885 and After: Aboriginal Society in Transition, edited by F.L. Barron and James B. Waldram, Regina: Canadian Plains Research Centre, 1986, pp. 53-66.

Lambrecht, Kirk N., The Administration of Dominion Lands. Regina: Canadian Plains Research Center, 1991.

Lussier, A.S. and Sealey, D.B. eds., The Métis: Canada's Forgotten People. Winnipeg: Manitoba Métis Federation Press, 1975.

Lysyk, Kenneth M., "The Rights and Freedoms of the Aboriginal Peoples of Canada." In: The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, edited by W. Tarnapolsky and G. Beaudoin, Ottawa: The Carswell Company Limited, 1982, pp. 467-488.

MacEwan, G., Métis Makers of History. Saskatoon: Western Producer Prairie Books, 1981.

Madill, D., Select Annotated Bibliography on Métis History and Claims. Ottawa: Dept. of Indian and Northern Affairs, Research Branch, 1983.

Mailhot, P.R. and Sprague, D.N., "Persistent Settlers: The Dispersal and Resettlement of the Red River Métis, 1870-1885." Canadian Ethnic Studies, 17(2): 1-31, 1985.

Martin, Chester, Dominion Lands' Policy, vol. 2, pt. 2, Canadian Frontiers of Settlement Series, edited by W.A. Mackintosh and W.L.G. Joerg, Toronto: Macmillan, 1938.

McKenzie, W., "Métis Self-Government in Saskatchewan." In: 1885 and After: Aboriginal Society in Transition, edited by F.L. Barron and James B. Waldram, Regina: Canadian Plains Research Centre, 1986, pp. 297-306.

McLean, Donald G., "1885: Métis Rebellion or Government Conspiracy?" In: 1885 and After: Aboriginal Society in Transition, edited by F.L. Barron and James B. Waldram, Regina: Canadian Plains Research Centre, 1986, pp. 79-104.

McLean, Donald G., Home from the Hill: A History of the Métis in Western Canada. Regina: Gabriel Dumont Institute, 1987.

Mitchner, E.A., "The North Saskatchewan River Settlement Claims, 1883-1884." In: Essays on Western History in Honour of Lewis Gwynne Thomas, edited by Lewis H. Thomas, Edmonton: University of Alberta Press, 1976, pp. 127-143.

Morton, W.L., "The Bias of Prairie Politics." In: Historical Essays on the Prairie Provinces, edited by D. Swainson, Toronto: McClelland and Stewart Limited, 1970, pp. 289-300.

Mueller, L., "Scrip and Scrip Speculation." New Breed, 11: 14-15, 1980, and 12: 28-29, 1981.

Nicks, T. and Morgan, K., "Grande Cache: The Historic Development of an Indigenous Alberta Métis Population." In: The New Peoples: Being and Becoming Métis in North America, edited by J. Peterson and Jennifer S.H. Brown, Winnipeg: The University of Manitoba Press, 1993, pp. 163-181. Manitoba Studies in Aboriginal History, No. 1.

Owram, D., "Conspiracy and Treason: The Red River Resistance from an Expansionist Perspective." Prairie Forum, 3(2): 157-174, 1978.

Oppen, W.A., The Riel Rebellions: A Cartographic History. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1979.

Pelletier, E., Exploitation of Métis Lands. Winnipeg: Manitoba Métis Federation Press, 1975.

Peterson, Hans I., "Imasees and His Band: Canadian Refugees after the North-West Rebellion." The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology, 8(1): 21-37, 1978.

Pocklington, T.C., The Government and Politics of the Alberta Métis Settlement. Regina: Canadian Plains Research Centre, 1991.

Rodwell, Lloyd, "Land Claims in the Prince Albert Settlement." Saskatchewan History, 19(1):1-23, 1966.

Rodwell, Lloyd, "Prince Albert River Lots." Saskatchewan History, 19(2):100-110.

Sanders, D., "Métis Rights in the Prairie Provinces and the Northwest Territories: A Legal Interpretation." In: The Forgotten People: Métis and Non-Status Indian Land Claims, edited by Harry W. Daniels, Ottawa: Aboriginal Council of Canada, 1979, pp. 5-22.

Sanders, D., "Prior Claims: Aboriginal People in the Constitution of Canada." In: Canada and the Constitution: The Unfinished Agenda, edited by S. R. Peck, Montreal: Institute for Research in Public Policy, 1983.

Sawchuk, J., The Métis of Manitoba: Reformulation of an Ethnic Identity. Toronto: Peter Martin Associates Limited, 1978.

Sawchuk, J., "Development or Domination: The Métis and Government Funding." In: The Other Aboriginals: The-Les Métis, Vol. 3, edited by A.S. Lussier and D.B. Sealey, Winnipeg: Manitoba Métis Federation Press, 1980, pp. 73-94.

Sawchuk, J., Sawchuk, P. and Ferguson, T. Métis Land Rights in Alberta: A Political History. Edmonton: Métis Association of Alberta, 1981.

Sealey, D.B., Statutory Land Rights of the Manitoba Métis. Winnipeg: Manitoba Métis Federation Press, 1975.

Sealey, D.B., "Statutory Land Rights of the Manitoba Métis." In: The Other Aboriginals: The-Les Métis, Vol. 3, edited by A.S. Lussier and D.B. Sealey, Winnipeg: Manitoba Métis Federation Press, 1978, pp. 1-30.

Silver, A.I., "The Impact on Eastern Canadian of Events in Saskatchewan in 1885." In: 1885 and After: Aboriginal Society in Transition, edited by F.L. Barron and James B. Waldram, Regina: Canadian Plains Research Centre, 1986, pp. 39-52.

Slobodin, R., Métis of the Mackenzie District. Ottawa: Canadian Research Centre for Anthropology, St. Paul University, 1966.

Sprague, D.N., "The Manitoba Land Question, 1870-1882." Journal of Canadian Studies, 15(3): 74-84, 1980.

Sprague, D.N., "Government Lawlessness in the Administration of Manitoba Land Claims, 1870-1887." Manitoba Law Journal 10: 415-441, 1980.

Sprague, D.N., "Métis Land Claims." In: Aboriginal People and the Constitution of Canada: Report of the Métis and Non-Status Indian Constitutional Review Commission. Ottawa: Mutual Press, 1981, pp. 74-84.

Sprague, D.N., Canada and the Métis, 1869-1885. Waterloo: Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 1988.

Sprague, D.N., "Dispossession vs. Accommodation in Plaintiff vs. Defendant Accounts of Métis Dispersal from Manitoba, 1870-1881." Prairie Forum, 16(2): 137-156, 1991.

Sprague, D.N. and Frye, R.P., "Manitoba's Red River Settlement: Manuscript Sources for Economic and Demographic History." Archivaria, 9: 179-193, 1978.

Sprague, D.N. and Frye, R.P., The Genealogy of the First Métis Nation: The Development and Dispersal of the Red River Settlement, 1820-1900. Winnipeg: Pemmican Books, 1983.

Sprenger, G.H., "The Métis Nation: Buffalo Hunting vs. Agriculture in the Red River Settlement (circa 1810-1870)." The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology, 3(1): 158-178, 1972.

Spry, Irene M., "The Métis and Mixed-Bloods of Rupert's Land before 1870." In: The New Peoples: Being and Becoming Métis in North America, edited by J. Peterson and Jennifer S.H. Brown, Winnipeg: The University of Manitoba Press, 1993, pp. 95-118. Manitoba Studies in Aboriginal History, No. 1.

Spry, Irene M. and Bennett McCardle, The Records of the Department of the Interior and Research Concerning Canada's Western Frontier of Settlement. Regina: Canadian Plains Research Center, 1993.

Stanley, George F.G., "Alberta's Half-Breed Reserve Saint-Paul-des-Métis 1869-1909." In: The Other Aboriginals: The-Les Métis, Vol. 2, edited by A.S. Lussier and D.B. Sealey, Winnipeg: Manitoba Métis Federation Press, 1978, pp. 75-107.

Valentine, V.F., "Some Problems of the Métis of Northern Saskatchewan." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, 20(Feb.): 89-94, 1954.

Valentine, V.F., The Métis of Northern Saskatchewan. Ottawa: Department of Natural Resources, 1955.

Wiebe, R. and Beal, B., War in the West: Voices of the 1885 Rebellion. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart Limited, 1985.

Woodcock, George, Gabriel Dumont. Edmonton: Hurtig, 1975.